ما هي الحصبة الألمانية؟

عذرا ، لم يتم العثور على وظائف.

**What‍ is Rubella?**



**Definition**



Rubella is a highly contagious viral infection that primarily affects children. It ‌is ⁢also known as German⁢ Measles or Three-Day Measles due to the presence of‍ a characteristic rash that ​typically lasts three days.



**Causes**



Rubella is caused by the rubella virus, which is spread through:



* Inhalation of respiratory droplets

* ⁣Direct contact⁢ with infected mucus or saliva



**Symptoms**



The most common symptoms of‌ rubella include:



* Mild ⁢fever

* Swollen ‌lymph nodes in the neck, behind the ears, or behind the head

* Sore throat

* Headache

* Runny nose or ⁤congestion

* Pink or red rash that starts on the⁣ face and spreads to the rest of the body



**Complications**



While most cases of rubella are mild, ​it can have‌ serious complications, especially during pregnancy:



**For Children:**



* Encephalitis (brain swelling)

* ‌Meningitis (infection of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord)

* Arthritis (joint pain and swelling)

* Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count)



**For Pregnant Women:**



* Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in the developing fetus, which can lead‌ to birth ‌defects​ such as:

* Heart defects

⁤ * Blindness

* Deafness

* Intellectual ​disabilities



**Diagnosis**



Rubella ‍is typically⁢ diagnosed based on:



* ​Physical exam

* Medical ​history

* Blood test to detect rubella⁣ antibodies



**Prevention**



The​ rubella vaccine is the most effective way to prevent infection. It is part of the recommended childhood ⁣immunization schedule and is usually administered as part of the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine.



**Treatment**



There is no specific treatment for rubella.‌ Symptoms are usually mild and can⁤ be managed with rest‍ and over-the-counter medications for fever ​and pain. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary.



**Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)**



* **Can rubella cause miscarriage?** Yes, rubella can lead to miscarriage if contracted during the first trimester of pregnancy.

* **How long is the incubation​ period for rubella?** The incubation period is usually 12-23 days.

* **Is rubella a ‍lifelong infection?** No,​ rubella‍ typically confers lifelong immunity after infection or vaccination.

*⁢ **Is there a cure for rubella?** There is no specific cure, but most cases resolve within ⁣a week.