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**What is Acute Bronchitis?**
**Definition:**
Acute bronchitis is a common respiratory tract infection that causes inflammation and swelling of the bronchial tubes, the main airways in the lungs.
**Causes:**
* **Viruses:** Most cases (80-95%) are caused by viral infections, such as the common cold or influenza virus.
* **Bacteria:** Less commonly, bacteria (e.g., Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae) can cause acute bronchitis.
**Risk Factors:**
* Smoking
* Air pollution
* Frequent respiratory infections
* Weakened immune system
* Young children and the elderly
**Symptoms:**
* Persistent cough (dry or productive)
* Chest discomfort or tightness
* Wheezing
* Fever (usually low-grade)
* Chills
* Fatigue
* Runny nose
* Sore throat
**Diagnosis:**
* Physical examination
* Medical history
* Chest X-ray (may be used to rule out other lung conditions)
**Treatment:**
Most cases of acute bronchitis are self-limiting and do not require specific treatment. However, supportive measures can help alleviate symptoms:
* **Rest:** Get plenty of rest.
* **Hydration:** Drink plenty of fluids to keep the mucus thin and easier to clear.
* **Over-the-counter medications:** Expectorants, cough suppressants, and pain relievers can provide temporary relief.
* **Bronchodilators:** Inhaled medications that open up the airways may be prescribed for more severe cases.
* **Antibiotics:** In bacterial cases, antibiotics such as amoxicillin or erythromycin may be prescribed.
**Prevention:**
* **Vaccinations:** Get vaccinated against influenza and pneumonia.
* **Smoking cessation:** Quitting smoking significantly reduces the risk of respiratory infections.
* **Hand hygiene:** Wash your hands thoroughly to prevent the spread of viruses and bacteria.
* **Avoid exposure:** Stay away from individuals with respiratory infections.
**Complications:**
* Pneumonia (infection of the lungs)
* Asthma
* Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
**Recovery and Prognosis:**
Acute bronchitis typically resolves within a few weeks. Cough may persist for longer. Most individuals make a full recovery, but complications can arise in certain cases.
**Additional Notes:**
* Acute bronchitis is sometimes referred to as chest cold or tracheobronchitis.
* Persistent symptoms or worsening of symptoms may indicate an underlying complication.
* If you experience shortness of breath, seek emergency medical attention.
What is Acute Bronchitis
What is Acute Bronchitis