What is Measles?
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**What is Measles?**
Measles, also known as rubeola, is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects children. It is characterized by a distinctive rash, as well as fever, cough, runny nose, and red, watery eyes.
**Symptoms**
* **Rash:** A blotchy, red rash that typically starts on the face and spreads over the body.
* **Fever:** High fever, often over 104°F (40°C).
* **Cough:** Dry, hacking cough.
* **Runny nose:** Clear, watery discharge.
* **Red, watery eyes:** Conjunctivitis (pink eye).
* **Other symptoms:** Koplik’s spots (small, white spots on the inside of the mouth).
**Transmission**
Measles is spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It is a highly contagious disease, and the virus can be transmitted even by people who have not developed symptoms yet.
**Complications**
Measles can lead to serious complications, including:
* **Pneumonia:** Infection of the lungs.
* **Encephalitis:** Inflammation of the brain.
* **Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE):** A rare, fatal degenerative brain disorder that can occur years after the initial infection.
**Prevention**
Measles is a vaccine-preventable disease. The measles vaccine is highly effective, and two doses provide nearly 100% protection against the disease. The vaccine is given as part of the routine childhood immunization schedule.
**Treatment**
There is no specific treatment for measles. Treatment is supportive and focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications. This includes:
* Rest and fluids.
* Over-the-counter pain relievers and fever reducers.
* Antibiotics for any secondary infections, such as pneumonia.
**Diagnosis**
Measles is typically diagnosed based on symptoms and a physical examination. A blood test can confirm the diagnosis.
**Prognosis**
Most people with measles recover completely within 2-3 weeks. However, complications can be serious, and in rare cases, can be fatal.
Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus. It is spread through contact with respiratory droplets produced by an infected person when they cough or sneeze. Symptoms typically develop 10-12 days after infection and can include fever, cough, runny nose, sore throat, red and watery eyes, Koplik spots (small white spots inside the mouth), rash, and swollen lymph nodes. Measles can lead to serious complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis, and death.