ما هو التهاب عضلة القلب؟

**What is Myocarditis?**



Myocarditis⁤ is a rare but serious condition that involves inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium). [[1]] This inflammation ⁢can weaken the heart and its⁤ electrical system. [[1]] As a result, the heart’s ability‌ to pump blood declines. [[1]]



**Causes**



– Viral ‌infections, such as‌ the flu, mumps, or coxsackievirus [[2]]

– Bacterial​ infections, such as tuberculosis ‍or ‍Lyme disease [[4]]

– Fungal infections, such as histoplasmosis or coccidioidomycosis [[4]]

– Parasites, such as toxoplasmosis or Chagas disease [[4]]

– ​Certain medications, such as antibiotics, chemotherapy ⁣drugs, or anti-inflammatory drugs‌ [[2]]

-⁣ Autoimmune disorders,⁤ such as ‍lupus or rheumatoid arthritis [[4]]

– Radiation therapy [[4]]



**Symptoms**



Myocarditis can cause​ a ⁤range of symptoms, depending on the severity of the inflammation. [[2]] Some common symptoms include:



– Chest pain [[2]]

– Shortness of breath [[2]]

– Fatigue [[2]]

– Palpitations [[2]]

– Lightheadedness or ‌dizziness [[2]]

– Leg ‌swelling [[2]]



**Diagnosis**



Myocarditis can be difficult to diagnose because its ⁤symptoms can resemble those of other heart conditions. [[1]] ⁤A doctor will typically perform a physical exam and ask about ⁤your symptoms and medical history. [[1]] They ⁤may also ⁤order tests⁣ such as:



– Blood tests to check for infection‌ or​ inflammation [[1]]

– Chest⁤ X-ray to look for enlargement‌ of the heart [[1]]

– Electrocardiogram⁢ (ECG) to record ⁤the heart’s electrical activity [[1]]

– Echocardiogram to create images of the heart and assess ‌its function [[1]]

– ‍Endomyocardial biopsy to take a small sample of heart tissue for examination under​ a microscope ‌ [[1]]



**Treatment**



There is no cure‌ for myocarditis, ‌but treatment can help to reduce inflammation and improve‍ heart function. [[1]] Treatment may include:



– Medications to reduce ⁤inflammation, such as corticosteroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory ‍drugs (NSAIDs) [[1]]

– Medications to improve heart⁢ function, such as diuretics or ⁢ACE inhibitors [[1]]

– Bed rest to reduce the strain on​ the heart [[1]]

– In ‌severe⁢ cases, a heart transplant may be necessary [[1]]



**Prognosis**



The prognosis for myocarditis varies depending on the‍ severity of the inflammation. [[1]] Some people ‌may recover completely, while others may develop long-term heart ​damage. [[1]]