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**What is Osteomalacia?**



**Definition:**



Osteomalacia⁤ is ⁢a condition characterized by **weakening and softening of bones** due to **impaired mineralization**.



**Causes:**



* ⁣Vitamin D deficiency

*⁤ Calcium deficiency

* Insufficient phosphate levels

* Kidney disorders

* Certain​ medications (e.g., anticonvulsants,⁤ corticosteroids)



**Symptoms:**



* Bone pain and tenderness

* Muscle‍ weakness

* Fatigue

* Bone fractures (often in older adults)

* Deformities of the spine or limbs



**Risk Factors:**



* Inadequate dietary ‍intake ‌of vitamin ⁢D, calcium, or ⁣phosphate

* Limited sunlight exposure

* ​Malabsorption disorders

* Chronic kidney disease

* Menopause (in women)

* Prolonged use of certain medications

* Certain​ genetic conditions



**Diagnosis:**



Diagnosis ‌involves:



* Physical examination

* ⁣Blood tests to​ assess⁢ vitamin D, calcium, ‌and phosphate levels

* Bone biopsy

* ‍Imaging studies (e.g., X-rays, bone scans)



**Treatment:**



Treatment ​focuses on **correcting the underlying cause:**



* **Vitamin D supplementation**

* **Calcium and phosphate supplements**

* **Medications** to treat kidney disorders

* **Hormone replacement therapy** (for menopause)

*⁣ **Dietary ⁤changes** ⁢to increase vitamin ⁤D intake

* ‍**Regular sunlight exposure**

* **Bone strengthening exercises**



**Prevention:**



Preventive measures include:



*‌ Ensuring adequate vitamin D intake through diet,⁣ fortified foods,⁤ or supplements

* Getting regular sunlight ‌exposure

* Eating a⁣ balanced diet⁤ rich ‌in calcium⁢ and⁣ phosphate

* Avoiding prolonged ‌use of certain medications

* Managing underlying health conditions



**SEO Keywords:**



* Osteomalacia

* Bone softening

* Vitamin ​D deficiency

* Calcium deficiency

* Kidney⁢ disease

* Bone ⁢pain

* Muscle weakness

*⁢ Fractures

* Deformities

* Risk⁤ factors

* Diagnosis

* Treatment

* Prevention

* Supplementation

* ⁢Calcium intake

* Kidney function

* Hormonal therapy

* Dietary changes

* Sunlight​ exposure

* Bone strengthening