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## What is Neonatal Jaundice?
Neonatal jaundice is a condition that occurs when a newborn baby’s skin and eyes turn yellow [[1]]. This yellowing is caused by a buildup of bilirubin, a yellow pigment that is produced when red blood cells break down [[3]].
### Symptoms of Neonatal Jaundice
The most common symptom of neonatal jaundice is yellowing of the skin and eyes [[1]]. This yellowing may be mild or severe, and it may appear within the first few days of life [[1]]. Other symptoms of neonatal jaundice may include:
* Dark urine
* Light-colored stools
* Fever
* Irritability
* Lethargy
### Causes of Neonatal Jaundice
Neonatal jaundice is caused by a buildup of bilirubin in the baby’s blood [[1]]. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment that is produced when red blood cells break down [[3]]. In newborns, the liver is not fully developed and cannot process bilirubin as quickly as it should [[1]]. This can lead to a buildup of bilirubin in the blood, which can cause jaundice [[1]].
There are many different causes of neonatal jaundice [[1]]. Some of the most common causes include:
* **Physiological jaundice:** This is the most common type of neonatal jaundice [[1]]. It is caused by the normal breakdown of red blood cells in newborns [[1]]. Physiological jaundice usually appears within the first few days of life and goes away on its own within a few weeks [[1]].
* **Breast milk jaundice:** This type of jaundice is caused by a substance in breast milk that can interfere with the liver’s ability to process bilirubin [[1]]. Breast milk jaundice usually appears within the first week of life and can last for several weeks or months [[1]].
* **Pathological jaundice:** This type of jaundice is caused by an underlying medical condition, such as liver disease or a blood disorder [[1]]. Pathological jaundice usually appears within the first few days of life and can be more severe than physiological jaundice [[1]].
### Treatment for Neonatal Jaundice
The treatment for neonatal jaundice depends on the underlying cause [[1]]. In most cases, neonatal jaundice is treated with phototherapy [[1]]. Phototherapy is a treatment that uses light to break down bilirubin in the skin [[1]]. In some cases, exchange transfusion may be necessary [[1]]. Exchange transfusion is a procedure in which the baby’s blood is replaced with donor blood [[1]].
Neonatal jaundice is a condition that causes a baby’s skin and whites of the eyes to turn yellow. It is caused by a build-up of bilirubin, a yellow pigment that is produced when red blood cells break down. Neonatal jaundice is common in newborns and usually goes away on its own within a few weeks. However, in some cases, neonatal jaundice can be a sign of a more serious medical condition.
Neonatal jaundice is a condition that causes a baby’s skin and whites of the eyes to turn yellow. It is caused by a build-up of bilirubin, a yellow pigment that is produced when red blood cells break down. Neonatal jaundice is common in newborns and usually goes away on its own within a few weeks. However, in some cases, neonatal jaundice can be a sign of a more serious medical condition.