Bladder cancer is common cancer that usually develops in the bladder lining. In some cases, it may spread into the bladder muscle. This condition is the ninth most common cancer, occurring more often in men than women. Men are about…
Vitamin D deficiency is also known as hypovitaminosis D. It is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide,[1] affecting people of all age groups.[2] Vitamin D is one of the most important vitamins ‒ essential compounds on which the body’s cells…
Poliovirus infection is an infectious condition caused by the poliovirus. This virus infects the nervous system and may lead to muscle weakness or paralysis (inability to move muscles at all). This condition is very uncommon as immunization has caused the…
A common cold is a mild viral infection of the nose, throat, sinuses and upper airways. It is one of the most frequently experienced acute illnesses in the United States and throughout the industrialized world. Adults will develop roughly two…
A stroke occurs when the normal flow of blood to the brain is interrupted, causing it to be starved of oxygen. If this is caused by a blood vessel bursting in or around the brain, it is known as a…
Pharyngitis, or acute pharyngitis, colloquially sometimes called cobblestone throat, is an inflammation of the back of the throat, otherwise known as the pharynx. The condition generally causes pain and a sensation of scratchiness in the region of the throat, as…
Multiple sclerosis (commonly called MS) is a neurological disease, in which there is slow, progressive nerve damage. The cause of this nerve damage is unknown but may be related to an overactive immune system. This condition is more common in…
Iron deficiency refers to inadequate levels of mineral iron in the body. The term is commonly used interchangeably with anemia: a condition often caused by iron deficiency, where the body either cannot produce a sufficient number of healthy red blood…
Shingle is an infection that usually produces a painful skin rash, but the painful tingling sensations which characterize the condition can also occur when no rash is present. Shingles is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV).[1] VZV is the same…
Venereal syphilis, commonly known as simply “syphilis”, is an infection caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum (subspecies pallidum). Syphilis is spread by direct contact with an infected individual, such as:[1][2][3] Sexual contact From mother to fetus in utero Via blood…