Fistula-in-Ano

**Fistula-in-Ano: Comprehensive Overview and Treatment Options**

A fistula-in-ano is an abnormal connection between the anus and the surrounding skin or other organs, commonly caused by impacted glands, abscesses, or Crohn’s disease. Symptoms include pain, swelling, drainage, and bleeding.

Diagnosis involves a physical exam, history, and sometimes imaging tests. Treatment options vary depending on the type and severity of the fistula, ranging from conservative measures (antibiotics, Sitz baths) to surgical interventions.

Fistulectomies are the most common surgical approach, allowing for complete removal of the fistula. Other surgical techniques include:

* Laser ablation
* Fistula plug placement
* Endoscopic fistula treatment
* BioGlue injection

Prompt treatment is crucial to prevent complications such as infection, sepsis, and impaired anal function. Patients should consult with a qualified colorectal surgeon to determine the best treatment option based on their individual needs.