IVC Filter

**IVC Filter (Inferior Vena Cava Filter)**

An IVC filter is a medical device implanted into the inferior vena cava (IVC), a large vein in the abdomen. It is used to prevent blood clots (thrombi) from traveling from the legs to the lungs, causing a life-threatening condition called pulmonary embolism.

**Indications:**

* High risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT), such as patients with genetic clotting disorders or after surgery
* DVT or pulmonary embolism that has already occurred
* Difficulty in using blood thinners

**Procedure:**

IVC filters are implanted through a minimally invasive procedure using fluoroscopy (real-time X-ray imaging). The filter is inserted into the IVC and secured in place.

**Types:**

* Permanent: Made of metal or plastic, intended to remain in the body indefinitely
* Retrievable: Specifically designed to be removed after a period of time, typically when the risk of blood clots has diminished

**Efficacy:**

IVC filters are effective in reducing the risk of pulmonary embolism. They do not eliminate the risk completely and can have certain complications.

**Complications:**

* IVC perforation (rare)
* Filter fracture or migration
* Long-term complications from permanent filters include pain and IVC obstruction

**Alternatives:**

Alternative treatments for blood clot prevention include blood thinners, compression stockings, and lifestyle modifications. The best treatment option depends on individual circumstances.