Qu'est-ce que l'hypertension essentielle ?
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**Question: What is Essential Hypertension?**
**Answer:** Essential hypertension, also known as primary hypertension, is a chronic condition in which blood pressure is elevated without an identifiable underlying cause or secondary condition.
**Background and Risk Factors:**
* Essential hypertension is the most common type of hypertension, affecting approximately 90-95% of individuals with high blood pressure.
* The exact cause is unknown, but it is believed to be influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.
* Risk factors include:
* Age (increases with age)
* Genetics (family history)
* Overweight or obesity
* Sedentary lifestyle
* High salt intake
* Smoking
* Alcohol consumption
* Stress
**Symptoms and Diagnosis:**
* Essential hypertension often does not have any noticeable symptoms in its early stages.
* However, as blood pressure increases, symptoms may develop, such as:
* Headache
* Fatigue
* Shortness of breath
* Chest pain
* Blurred vision
* Diagnosis is based on repeated blood pressure readings over time that exceed 140/90 mmHg.
**Complications:**
* Uncontrolled essential hypertension can lead to a range of complications, including:
* Heart disease
* Stroke
* Kidney disease
* Eye damage
* Dementia
**Treatment Options:**
* Treatment focuses on lowering blood pressure and managing risk factors. Options include:
* Lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, weight loss, smoking cessation)
* Medications (antihypertensives)
* Monitoring and regular follow-up are essential for effective management.
**Additional Information:**
* It is estimated that approximately 1 billion people worldwide have essential hypertension.
* Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent complications.
* Managing essential hypertension is an ongoing process that requires close collaboration between individuals and healthcare professionals.
**Question: What is Essential Hypertension?**
**Answer:** Essential hypertension, also known as primary hypertension, is a chronic condition in which blood pressure is elevated without an identifiable underlying cause or secondary condition.
**Background and Risk Factors:**
* Essential hypertension is the most common type of hypertension, affecting approximately 90-95% of individuals with high blood pressure.
* The exact cause is unknown, but it is believed to be influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.
* Risk factors include:
* Age (increases with age)
* Genetics (family history)
* Overweight or obesity
* Sedentary lifestyle
* High salt intake
* Smoking
* Alcohol consumption
* Stress
**Symptoms and Diagnosis:**
* Essential hypertension often does not have any noticeable symptoms in its early stages.
* However, as blood pressure increases, symptoms may develop, such as:
* Headache
* Fatigue
* Shortness of breath
* Chest pain
* Blurred vision
* Diagnosis is based on repeated blood pressure readings over time that exceed 140/90 mmHg.
**Complications:**
* Uncontrolled essential hypertension can lead to a range of complications, including:
* Heart disease
* Stroke
* Kidney disease
* Eye damage
* Dementia
**Treatment Options:**
* Treatment focuses on lowering blood pressure and managing risk factors. Options include:
* Lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise, weight loss, smoking cessation)
* Medications (antihypertensives)
* Monitoring and regular follow-up are essential for effective management.
**Additional Information:**
* It is estimated that approximately 1 billion people worldwide have essential hypertension.
* Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent complications.
* Managing essential hypertension is an ongoing process that requires close collaboration between individuals and healthcare professionals.
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