Qu'est-ce que le cancer du sein ?

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## ⁤What‌ is Breast ⁤Cancer?



**Definition:**



Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that ​originates in the cells of the breast. It occurs when‍ breast cells undergo uncontrolled growth and​ division, forming a mass or lump within the breast tissue.



**Types:**



There are several ⁤types of breast cancer, including:



* **Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC):** The most common type,⁤ originating in the ducts that carry milk from the breast.

* **Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC):** Originating in the lobules (milk-producing glands).

* **Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS):** Non-invasive cancer confined to the milk ducts.

* **Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS):** Non-invasive cancer confined to the lobules.

* **Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC):** A rare and aggressive subtype that causes⁤ the breast to become swollen, red, and​ inflamed.



**Risk Factors:**



* Age (risk increases with age)

* Family history of breast cancer

* Gene mutations (e.g., BRCA1, BRCA2)

* Obesity

* Dense breasts

*‌ Early menstruation

* Late menopause

* Never having breastfed

* Alcohol consumption

* Hormone replacement therapy



**Symptoms:**



* Lump or thickening in the breast or underarm

* Change in the size or shape of the breast

* Nipple retraction or discharge (not⁢ breast​ milk)

* Redness ⁤or swelling of⁢ the breast

* ‌Dimpling‍ or puckering of the breast skin



**Diagnosis:**



* Clinical breast exam

* Mammogram ⁣(X-ray of the breast)

* Ultrasonography ⁢(sound waves to create images of the breast)

* Biopsy (removal of a small tissue sample for testing)



**Treatment:**



Breast cancer treatment options‌ can include:



* **Surgery:** Lumpectomy (removal of the lump) or mastectomy (removal of the entire breast)

* **Radiation therapy:** Using high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells

* **Chemotherapy:** Using drugs to kill cancer cells

* **Hormone therapy:** Blocking hormones that fuel cancer growth

* **Targeted therapy:** Using ‍drugs ⁢that target specific molecules ‍involved in cancer growth

* **Immunotherapy:**‍ Boosting​ the body’s immune response to ⁢fight cancer



**Prevention:**



* Maintain​ a healthy weight

* Exercise⁢ regularly

* ⁢Reduce alcohol consumption

* Consider genetic testing for hereditary ‌risk

* Breastfeed, if possible

*⁢ Get regular mammograms



**Importance of Early Detection:**



Early detection through regular screenings (mammograms) is crucial for improving breast cancer outcomes.⁢ When diagnosed and treated early, the chances of successful treatment and⁢ survival are significantly higher.

2 commentaires

  1. Breast cancer is a cancer that starts in the breast. It is the most common cancer among women in the United States, after skin cancer.

  2. Breast cancer is a cancer that starts in the breast. It is the most common cancer among women in the United States, after skin cancer.

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