Qu'est-ce que le diabète sucré (type 2) ?
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**Q: What is Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2)?**
**A:** Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and/or insufficient insulin secretion. It is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for approximately 90-95% of all cases.
**Key Points to Know:**
* **Insulin:** A hormone produced by the pancreas that helps glucose enter cells for energy.
* **Insulin Resistance:** When cells become less responsive to insulin, leading to higher blood glucose levels.
* **Insufficient Insulin Secretion:** When the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels.
**Causes and Risk Factors:**
* **Genetic Predisposition**
* **Obesity and Physical Inactivity**
* **Age (over 45)**
* **Family History**
* **High Blood Pressure**
* **High Cholesterol**
* **Gestational Diabetes**
**Symptoms:**
* Excessive thirst
* Frequent urination
* Unexplained weight loss
* Increased hunger
* Fatigue
* Blurred vision
* Slow-healing sores
* Numbness or tingling in hands or feet
**Diagnosis:**
* Fasting Blood Glucose Test
* Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
* HbA1c Test (measures average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months)
**Treatment:**
* **Lifestyle Modifications:** Weight loss, regular exercise, and a balanced diet
* **Oral Medications:** Metformin, sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists
* **Insulin Therapy:** Injections of insulin to help lower blood glucose levels
**Complications:**
Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to serious complications, including:
* Cardiovascular disease
* Stroke
* Kidney disease
* Retinopathy (eye damage)
* Neuropathy (nerve damage)
* Amputations
**Prevention:**
* Maintain a healthy weight
* Engage in regular physical activity
* Follow a balanced diet
* Manage risk factors (e.g., blood pressure, cholesterol)
**Q: What is Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2)?**
**A:** Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and/or insufficient insulin secretion. It is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for approximately 90-95% of all cases.
**Key Points to Know:**
* **Insulin:** A hormone produced by the pancreas that helps glucose enter cells for energy.
* **Insulin Resistance:** When cells become less responsive to insulin, leading to higher blood glucose levels.
* **Insufficient Insulin Secretion:** When the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels.
**Causes and Risk Factors:**
* **Genetic Predisposition**
* **Obesity and Physical Inactivity**
* **Age (over 45)**
* **Family History**
* **High Blood Pressure**
* **High Cholesterol**
* **Gestational Diabetes**
**Symptoms:**
* Excessive thirst
* Frequent urination
* Unexplained weight loss
* Increased hunger
* Fatigue
* Blurred vision
* Slow-healing sores
* Numbness or tingling in hands or feet
**Diagnosis:**
* Fasting Blood Glucose Test
* Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
* HbA1c Test (measures average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months)
**Treatment:**
* **Lifestyle Modifications:** Weight loss, regular exercise, and a balanced diet
* **Oral Medications:** Metformin, sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists
* **Insulin Therapy:** Injections of insulin to help lower blood glucose levels
**Complications:**
Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to serious complications, including:
* Cardiovascular disease
* Stroke
* Kidney disease
* Retinopathy (eye damage)
* Neuropathy (nerve damage)
* Amputations
**Prevention:**
* Maintain a healthy weight
* Engage in regular physical activity
* Follow a balanced diet
* Manage risk factors (e.g., blood pressure, cholesterol)
Just diagnosed… any information you can give me.