Qu'est-ce que le cancer du col de l'utérus ?
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**What is Cervical Cancer?**
**Q: What is cervical cancer?**
**A:** Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the cells of the cervix, the lower, narrow end of the uterus that connects to the vagina.
**Q: What is the leading cause of cervical cancer?**
**A:** The vast majority of cervical cancers (about 99%) are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted infection.
**Q: What are the risk factors for cervical cancer?**
**A:** Risk factors for cervical cancer include:
* HPV infection, especially persistent infection with high-risk HPV types
* Multiple sexual partners
* Weakened immune system (e.g., due to HIV)
* Prolonged use of oral contraceptives
* Smoking
**Q: What are the symptoms of cervical cancer?**
**A:** In the early stages, cervical cancer often has no symptoms. As it progresses, symptoms may include:
* Irregular vaginal bleeding
* Painful intercourse
* Pelvic pain
* Fatigue
**Q: How is cervical cancer diagnosed?**
**A:** Cervical cancer can be diagnosed through a variety of methods, including:
* Pap smear (cervical screening test)
* HPV test
* Colposcopy (examination of the cervix with a microscope)
* Biopsy (removal of a tissue sample for examination)
**Q: What are the treatment options for cervical cancer?**
**A:** Treatment options for cervical cancer depend on the stage of the cancer and may include:
* Surgery (removal of the cervix or uterus)
* Radiation therapy
* Chemotherapy
* Immunotherapy
**Q: Can cervical cancer be prevented?**
**A:** Cervical cancer can largely be prevented through:
* HPV vaccination (recommended for all children and adolescents)
* Regular Pap smears and HPV testing
* Safe sexual practices (e.g., use of condoms)
**Q: What is the prognosis for cervical cancer?**
**A:** The prognosis for cervical cancer varies depending on the stage of the cancer. With early detection and treatment, the prognosis is generally good.
Is it infectious