Qu'est-ce que l'hyperplasie bénigne de la prostate ?

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**What is Benign ​Prostatic Hyperplasia ​(BPH)?**



**Definition:**



Benign prostatic hyperplasia​ (BPH), also known as an enlarged prostate [[1]], is a common condition in men⁢ that involves the non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate​ gland [[3]].



**Causes⁣ and ​Risk Factors:**



The‌ exact cause of BPH is⁤ unknown, but it is believed to be related to the aging process. As ‍men age, the prostate gland naturally undergoes two main growth periods [[2]]. The second growth⁤ period typically begins around age‍ 25⁣ and continues ‍throughout most of ⁢a man’s​ life.



Other risk factors for BPH include:



*‌ Family history of BPH

* ⁤Obesity

* Certain medical conditions,‌ such as ‌diabetes ‌or ⁣heart disease

* ​Medications, such as‍ antidepressants or hormones



**Symptoms:**



BPH can ‍cause a variety of urinary symptoms,⁢ including:



* Difficulty starting or stopping ‌urination

* Weak or slow urine stream

*⁢ Frequent urination, especially at ⁣night

* Incomplete bladder emptying

* Urgency or incontinence



**Diagnosis:**



BPH is diagnosed based on a physical examination and a‍ review of ‍symptoms. Other tests that may​ be performed to confirm the diagnosis include:



* Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test

* ‍Uroflowmetry, ⁤which measures the rate of urine flow

* Ultrasound of the prostate



**Treatment:**



Treatment for ‌BPH depends on the severity of symptoms. Nonsurgical options‍ include:



*‍ Medications, such as alpha-blockers‌ or 5-alpha ‌reductase inhibitors

* Lifestyle⁢ changes, ‍such as weight loss or ⁤dietary modifications



Surgical options are typically‌ considered ⁣only if nonsurgical treatments fail to relieve symptoms. Surgical procedures for ​BPH include:



* Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

* Laser‌ therapy

* Open prostatectomy



**Prevention:**



There is currently no proven way to prevent ‍BPH.‍ However, maintaining‌ a healthy lifestyle and managing⁣ risk factors can help reduce⁣ the likelihood of developing ⁤moderate‌ to severe symptoms.